Journal of NanoScience in Advanced Materials

Near-Infrared Light-Activated Antibacterial Efficiency of Flower-like MoS₂ with Varying Concentrations

Ahmed Al-Sarori — 2025-06-26

In this study, flower-like MoS₂ particles with a 2H crystal structure were synthesized via a hydrothermal method to evaluate their photothermal efficiency and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The structural, morphological, optical, and photothermal properties of the synthesized MoS₂were comprehensively characterized. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that MoS₂ formed as 2H with no detectable impurities, while electron microscopy revealed a flower-like morphology. Optical characterization in the 400–1000 nm wavelength range indicated a direct band gap of approximately 1.9 eV. Photothermal performance was investigated using 808 nm laser irradiation in combination with thermal imaging, which demonstrated a maximum temperature increase of 46 °C at a concentration of 1000 μg mL⁻¹ and uniform heat distribution throughout the solution. Furthermore, antibacterial tests using agar plates showed that the antibacterial activity of MoS₂ was more pronounced at lower concentrations for both bacterial species, suggesting a concentration-dependent effect.

Identification of Distinct and Common Biological Pathways in Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Correlation-based Gene Expression Analysis

Kübra Temiz — 2025-06-26

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are a group of diseases with devastating effects on the brain and nervous system that are often progressive and incurable. Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are the most common diseases in this grou In this study, we sought to identify both common and disease-specific biological signaling pathways in AD, PD and ALS. Differential gene expression (DEGs) analyses were performed using microarray and RNA-Seq data from the NCBI GEO database, and specific gene co-expression networks were generated for each disease. These networks revealed differences in gene expression between diseased and healthy groups. Functional enrichment analyses were performed using the KEGG and Reactome databases, and the results showed that common biological pathways such as PI3K/Akt, calcium signaling, synaptic transmission, and transcriptional regulation were prominent. In addition, distinct biological pathways were also identified for each disease. These results contribute to a better understanding of the molecular structure of NDDs and provide potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Optical Properties of Ga₂Mn₂O₇ Pyrochlore Ceramic

Kuldeep Singh — 2025-06-26

We present the first investigation into the optical properties of the Ga₂Mn₂O₇ pyrochlore compound, synthesized via solid-state reaction. The optical band gap, derived from reflectance spectra, was determined to be 3.06 eV, indicating its semiconductor behavior. Further optical characterization revealed key parameters including the extinction coefficient (k), skin depth, and refractive index (n) across a broad wavelength spectrum (200–800 nm). Additionally, the optical conductivity was systematically evaluated and analyzed. These findings underscore the compound’s functional relevance in optoelectronic and protective coating applications.

Pb Substitution with La Effect on the Magnetic, and Magnetocaloric Properties of La1.995Pb0.005NiMnO6 Double Perovskite System

Arda Kandemir — 2025-06-26

Increasing energy demands and growing environmental concerns, particularly regarding greenhouse gas emissions, make the development of sustainable technological alternatives necessary. Green technologies, such as the magnetocaloric cooling system based on the magnetocaloric effect, are promising solutions to these challenges. Therefore, it has gathered significant attention from scientists and research groups as a strong candidate to replace conventional cooling systems, offering enhanced effectiveness, greener technology, and lower production costs. For these purposes, La_1.995Pb_0.005NiMnO₆ double perovskite was synthesized by the sol-gel route. The crystal structure was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) at room temperature. Elemental distribution and surface morphology were investigated using Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), respectively. Another important property is the magnetic behavior of the compound therefore temperature and magnetic field-dependent magnetization (M(T) and M(H)) analysis were investigated. From the investigation of the temperature dependence magnetization, there was a magnetic phase transition that occurred from the ferromagnetic to the paramagnetic phase near 213.34 K. Under 5T magnetic field variation, the maximum magnetic entropy change (-DS_M) was determined and it is 0.23 Jkg^-1K^-1. According to the results, the compound that was investigated can be a candidate for use as a magnetic refrigerant in a low-temperature region. For making a valid magnetic cooling system that operates around room temperature, optimization studies are essential to be conducted.

Optoelectronic Characterization for Some of the Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) Emitters Using Density Functional Theory (DFT)

Mona Sunaydih Alsaeedi — 2025-06-26

Materials that exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) are of great interest for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) due to their ability to achieve 100% external quantum efficiency (EQE) without the need to incorporate heavy atoms. Since high-efficiency blue-emitting materials are still in demand, the pyrazine core was used in this study because of its high S₁ energy and weak electron-accepting ability. Therefore, pyrazine-based multi-carbazoles compounds 1–3 were studied using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) methods. The simulated electronic and photophysical properties of the compounds agree with experimental observations. All compounds exhibit blue emission at 2.77, 2.68, and 2.62 eV, respectively. Replacing one biphenyl group with a carbazole unit (compound 2) decreases the E_S1-T1to 1.09 eV. Replacing two biphenyl groups with carbazole units (compound 3) further reduces E_S1-T1 to 0.26 eV, facilitating the TADF mechanism. All compounds display mixed transitions of charge-transfer and locally excited character due to the increased donor ability with the addition of carbazole units.

Evolution of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Synthesis: A Comprehensive Review of Phenoxy-Imine Catalysts for Enhanced Material Properties and Industrial Perspective

Gediz Korkmaz — 2025-06-26

More than 60 years after its first synthesis, Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) remains a material of choice for numerous applications in biomedical, energy storage, and industrial parts manufacturing. Its basic and inert chain structure, semi-crystalline morphology, low friction coefficient, and wear-resistant properties make it an ideal candidate for knee and hip joints, battery separators, and low-wear, low-friction equipment parts. The properties of UHMWPE change significantly with variations in molecular weight, polydispersity, and chain entanglements. Therefore, the choice of catalyst-cocatalyst-scavenger systems in UHMWPE production plays a crucial role in determining the material's properties and quality. Since the late 1990s, the development of the 'ligand-based catalyst development strategy' and the introduction of the Phenoxy-Imine (FI) ligated Titanium catalyst by Fujita and coworkers have prompted many researchers to focus on FI catalysts and their applications in UHMWPE synthesis. Disentangled Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (dUHMWPE) synthesized using specific FI catalysts, particularly those with fluoroaniline-containing ligands, have exhibited very high activity and demonstrated 'living polymerization' characteristics. This study provides a concise review of UHMWPE catalysts, with a special emphasis on the phenoxy-imine class of post-metallocene catalysts.